Mannheim Maitiro ePotassium Sulfate (K₂SO₄) Kugadzirwa

Main Kugadzira Nzira dzePotassium Sulfate

Mannheim Process is maindasitiri maitiro ekugadzirwa kweK2SO4,a decomposition reaction between 98% sulfuric acid and potassium chloride at high temperatures with as a byproduct hydrochloric acid. Matanho chaiwo anosanganisira kusanganisa potassium chloride uye sulfuric acid uye kuita iwo patembiricha yakakwira kuumba potassium sulfate uye hydrochloric acid.

Crystallizationseparationinogadzira potassium sulfate kuburikidza nekugocha alkali sedeko rembeu yetung nemadota echirimwa, yozoteverwaleaching, kusefa, kuisa pfungwa, kupatsanurwa kwecentrifugal uye kuomesa kuti uwane potassium sulfate.

Reaction yePotassium ChlorideuyeSulfuric Acid pamatembiricha chaiwo mune imwe reshiyo imwe nzira yekuwana potassium sulfate.Matanho chaiwo anosanganisira kunyungudutsa potassium chloride mumvura inodziya, kuwedzera sulfuric acid nokuda kwekuita, uyezve crystallizing pa 100-140 ° C, inoteverwa nekuparadzaniswa, neutralization, uye kuomesa kuti ibudise potassium sulfate.

Zvakanakira zveMannheim Potassium Sulfate

Mennheim process ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekugadzira potassium sulfate mhiri kwemakungwa. Iyo yakavimbika uye yakaomesesa nzira inoburitsa yakaomeswa potassium sulfate ine yepamusoro solubility yemvura. Iyo isina simba acid mhinduro inokodzera ivhu re alkaline.

Misimboti Yekugadzira

Maitiro ekuita:

1. Sulfuric acid uye potassium chloride zvakaenzanirana metered uye zvakaenzanirana kudyiswa mukamuri rekuita reMannheim furnace, kwazvinoita kubudisa potassium sulfate uye hydrogen chloride.

2. Kuita kunoitika mumatanho maviri:

i. Nhanho yekutanga ndeye exothermic uye inoitika pane yakaderera tembiricha.

ii. Nhanho yechipiri inosanganisira kushandurwa kwe potassium bisulfate ku potassium sulfate, iyo yakasimba endothermic.

Kudzora Tembiricha:

1. Mhedzisiro yacho inofanira kuitika patembiricha inopfuura 268 ° C, neiyo optimal range iri 500-600 ° C kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda pasina yakawandisa sulfuric acid kuora.

2. Mukugadzirwa chaiko, tembiricha yekupindura inowanzodzorwa pakati pe510-530 ° C kuitira kugadzikana uye kugona.

Kushandisa Heat:

1. Mhedzisiro yacho yakanyanya endothermic, inoda kuenderana kwekupisa kwekupisa kubva pakupisa gasi.

2. Inenge 44% yekupisa kwechoto inorasika kuburikidza nemadziro, 40% inotakurwa nemagasi emhepo, uye 16% chete inoshandiswa kuita chaiyo.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zveMannheim process

Furnacedhayamita ndicho chinhu chinogadzirisa chesimba rekugadzira. Mavira makuru pasi rose ane dhayamita yemamita matanhatu.Panguva imwecheteyo, yakavimbika yekutyaira system ndiyo vimbiso yekuenderera uye yakagadzikana kuita.Refractory zvinhu zvinofanirwa kumira tembiricha yakakwira, maasidhi akasimba, uye inopa yakanaka kupisa kupisa. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinokuchidzira zvinofanirwa kushingirira pakupisa, ngura, uye kupera.

Hydrogen Chloride Gasi Hunhu:

1.Kuchengetedza chidimbu chidiki mukamuri yekupindura kunovimbisa kuti mweya uye magasi eflue haasvibise hydrogen chloride.

2.Kuiswa chisimbiso kwakakodzera uye kushanda kunogona kuwana huwandu hweHCl hwe50% kana kupfuura.

Raw Material Specifications:

1.Potassium Chloride:Inofanirwa kusangana nemwando chaiwo, saizi yechidimbu, uye potassium oxide yemukati zvinodiwa kuti iite kunyatsoita basa.

2.Sulfuric Acid:Inoda huwandu hwe99% yekuchena uye kuenderana kuita.

Kudzora Tembiricha:

1.Reaction Chamber (510-530°C):Inovimbisa kuita kwakazara.

2.Combustion Chamber:Inodzikamisa kupinza gasi remusikirwo kuti rikwanise kupisa.

3.Muswe Gasi Tembiricha:Inodzorwa kudzivirira kupera kwekuvhara uye kuve nechokwadi kunyudzwa kwegasi kunoshanda.

Process Workflow

• Mhinduro:Potassium chloride uye sulfuric acid zvinoramba zvichidyiswa mukamuri yekupindura. Iyo inokonzeresa potassium sulfate inoburitswa, yakatonhodzwa, yakavhenekwa, uye yakagadziriswa necalcium oxide isati yarongedza.
• By-chigadzirwa Kubata:
  • High-temperature hydrogen chloride gasi inotonhodzwa uye inocheneswa kuburikidza nenhevedzano yezvikwesha uye shongwe dzekunyudza kuti ibudise indasitiri-giredhi hydrochloric acid (31-37% HCl).
  • Kuburitsa gasi remuswe kunobatwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze.

Matambudziko uye Kunatsiridza

1. Kurasikirwa nekupisa:Kupisa kwakakosha kunorasika kuburikidza nemagasi emhepo uye madziro echoto, zvichiratidza kudikanwa kwekuvandudzwa kwekupisa masisitimu.
2. Equipment Corrosion:Iyo nzira inoshanda pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye acidic mamiriro, zvichitungamira mukupfeka uye kugadzirisa matambudziko.
3. Hydrochloric Acid By-chigadzirwa Kushandiswa:Musika wehydrochloric acid unogona kuzara, zvichidikanwa kutsvagisa mune mamwe mashandisirwo kana nzira dzekudzikisa ne-chigadzirwa kubuda.

Iyo Mannheim potassium sulfate yekugadzira maitiro inosanganisira marudzi maviri emarara gasi: kupisa kwemhepo kubva kugasi rechisikigo uye byproduct hydrogen chloride gasi.

Combustion Exhaust:

Tembiricha yekupisa yekupisa inowanzotenderedza 450°C. Kupisa uku kunofambiswa kuburikidza nerecuperator isati yabudiswa. Nekudaro, kunyangwe mushure mekutsinhana kwekupisa, tembiricha yekubuda kwegasi inoramba iri paanenge 160 ° C, uye kupisa kwasara uku kunoburitswa mumhepo.

Byproduct Hydrogen Chloride Gasi:

Iyo hydrogen chloride gasi inokweshwa mushongwe yekugezesa sulfuric acid, kunyura mune inodonha-firimu inonyudza, uye kucheneswa mushongwe yekunatsa gasi isati yaburitswa. Izvi zvinogadzira 31% hydrochloric acid, mune kumusorokuisa pfungwa pamhepo kunogona kukonzera kuburitsakwete kusvikazviyero uye kukonzera "kukweva muswe" chiitiko mukupedza.Naizvozvo, nguva chaiyohydrochloric acid chiyero chepfungwa inoshanduka yakakosha mukugadzirwa.

Matanho anotevera anogona kutorwa kuti aite zvirinani:

Deredza Acid Concentration: Dzikisa iyo acid concentration panguva yekunyurapamweinline density mita kuitira kunyatsotariswa.

Wedzera Kutenderera Kwemvura Vhoriyamu: Wedzera kutenderera kwemvura mune inodonha-firimu inonwisa kuti uvandudze kunyura.

Deredza Mutoro paExhaust Gasi Kuchenesa Shongwe: Gadzirisa mashandiro kuti uderedze mutoro pane yekuchenesa system.

Kuburikidza nekugadziriswa uku uye kushanda kwakakodzera nekufamba kwenguva, chiitiko chekukweva muswe chinogona kubviswa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinobuda zvinosangana nezvinodiwa.