FlotationmuBenefication
Flotation inowedzera kukosha kweores nekuparadzanisa zvine hunyanzvi zvicherwa kubva kune gangue zvicherwa mukugadzirisa zvicherwa kuburikidza nekusiyana kwemuviri nemakemikari. Ingave ichishanda nesimbi dzisina ferrous, simbi, kana nonmetallic zvicherwa, flotation inoita basa rakakosha mukupa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinhu.
1. Flotation Nzira
(1) Yakananga Flotation
Direct flotation inoreva kusefa mamineral akakosha kubva mumatope nekuabvumira kuti anamate kune mabhuru emhepo uye ayangarara pamusoro, nepo gangue zvicherwa zvinoramba zviri mumatope. Iyi nzira yakakosha mukubatsira kwesimbi dzisina ferrous. Semuenzaniso, kugadzirisa ore kunouya padanho rekuyerera mushure mekupwanyiwa uye kukuya mukugadziriswa kwemhangura ore, umo chaiwo anionic vaunganidzi vanounzwa kuti vachinje hydrophobicity uye kuvasiya vachishambadza pamusoro pezvicherwa zvemhangura. Ipapo ma hydrophobic copper particles anonamira kumhepo mabubbles osimuka, achigadzira layer yeforoti ine mhangura yakapfuma. Iyi furo inounganidzwa mukutanga kuunganidzwa kwemaminerari emhangura, ayo anoshanda seyepamusoro-giredhi rew material kuti awedzere kunatswa.
(2) Reverse Flotation
Reverse flotation inosanganisira kuyangarara zvicherwa zve gangue ukuwo mamineral akakosha achiramba ari muslurry. Semuyenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwesimbi ne quartz tsvina, anionic kana cationic vateresi vanoshandiswa kushandura makemikari nharaunda ye slurry. Izvi zvinoshandura hydrophilic hunhu hwequartz kuita hydrophobic, ichiibvumira kuti ibatanidze kune mabhuru emhepo uye kuyangarara.
(3) Preferential Flotation
Kana ores iine maviri kana anopfuura akakosha zvikamu, yakasarudzika flotation inoaparadzanisa zvakatevedzana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sekuita kwemaminerari uye kukosha kwehupfumi. Iyi nhanho-ne-nhanho flotation process inova nechokwadi chekuti chicherwa chega chega chakakosha chinodzoserwa nekuchena kwakanyanya uye mitengo yekudzoreredza, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa.
(4) Kubhururuka Kwemvura
Bulk flotation inobata akawanda akakosha zvicherwa zvakazara, achiayangarara pamwechete kuti awane yakasanganiswa concentrate, inoteverwa nekupatsanurwa kunotevera. Semuenzaniso, mumhangura-nickel ore beneficiation, uko mhangura uye nickel zvicherwa zvakabatana zvakanyanya, kutenderera kwakawanda uchishandisa reagents senge xanthates kana thiols inobvumira kutenderera panguva imwe chete yesulfide mhangura uye nickel zvicherwa, zvichigadzira yakasanganiswa concentrate. Kutevera kwakaomarara kupatsanurwa maitiro, akadai sekushandisa lime uye cyanide reagents, sarudza yakakwira-kuchena mhangura uye nickel inobata. Iyi nzira "yekutanga, yakaparadzana-gare gare" inoderedza kurasikirwa kwemaminerari akakosha mumatanho ekutanga uye inovandudza zvakanyanya huwandu hwekudzoreredza kweore yakaoma.
2. Flotation Maitiro: Nhanho-ne-Nhanho Precision
(1) Stage Flotation Process: Kuwedzera Kugadziridzwa
Mukutenderera, nhanho yeflotation inotungamira kugadziridzwa kweores yakaoma nekukamura nzira yekuyangarara mumatanho akawanda.
Semuenzaniso, muzvikamu zviviri zvekuyangarara, simbi inogayiwa kukuya, zvishoma zvichisunungura zvicherwa zvakakosha. Yekutanga flotation nhanho inodzoreredza aya zvicherwa zvakasunungurwa sekutanga kutarisisa. Zvimedu zvakasara zvisina kusununguka zvinoenda kune yechipiri nhanho yekukuya kuti uwedzere kuderedza saizi, ichiteverwa neyechipiri flotation nhanho. Izvi zvinoita kuti mamineral asara akakosha anyatsopatsanurwa uye asanganiswa nedanho rekutanga. Iyi nzira inodzivirira kuwandisa padanho rekutanga, inoderedza tsvina yezviwanikwa, uye inonatsiridza flotation chaiyo.
Kune mamwe maore akaomarara, akadai seaya ane simbi dzakawanda dzisingawanikwe dzakasungwa zvakasimba makristasi zvimiro, matatu-nhanho flotation process inogona kushandiswa. Alternating grinding and flotation nhanho inobvumira kuongororwa zvine hungwaru uye kuona yega yega yakakosha mineral inotorwa nekuchena kwakanyanya uye chiyero chekudzoreredza, ichiisa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuenderera mberi nekugadzirisa.
3. Zvinhu Zvikuru muFlotation
(1) pH Kukosha: The Subtle Balance yeSlurry Acidity
Iyo pH kukosha kweiyo slurry inoita basa rakakosha mukuyangarara, ichipesvedzera zvakanyanya zvicherwa pamusoro pezvivakwa uye reagent kuita. Kana iyo pH iri pamusoro peiyo mineral's isoelectric point, iyo nzvimbo inove yakashata; pasi payo, nzvimbo yacho inopomerwa zvakanaka. Idzi shanduko mukuchajisa kwepamusoro dzinoraira kupindirana kweadsorption pakati pezvicherwa nemareagents, senge kukwezva kana kudzorwa kwemagineti.
Semuenzaniso, pasi pemamiriro e acidic, zvicherwa zve sulfide zvinobatsira kubva mukusimudzirwa kwekuunganidza, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutora zvicherwa zve sulfide. Sezvineiwo, alkaline mamiriro anofambisa kutenderera kwemaminerari eoxide nekugadzirisa zvimiro zvavo zvepamusoro kusimudzira reagent affinity.
Maminerari akasiyana anoda chaiwo pH mazinga ekuyangarara, zvichidikanwa kunyatso kudzora. Semuenzaniso, mukuyangarara kwequartz uye calcite musanganiswa, quartz inogona kuyangarara zvakanaka nekugadzirisa slurry pH kusvika 2-3 uye kushandisa amine-based collectors. Sezvineiwo, calcite flotation inofarirwa mumamiriro ealkaline ane fatty acid-based collectors. Iyi chaiyo pH gadziriso ndiyo kiyi yekuwana yakanyatso kupatsanurwa kwemaminerari.
(2) Reagent Regime
Iyo reagent hutongi inotonga iyo flotation process, inosanganisira kusarudzwa, dosi, kugadzirira, uye kuwedzera reagents. Reagents anosarudza adsorb pane zvakanangwa zvicherwa, achichinja hydrophobicity yavo.
Frothers inodzikamisa mabubble mune slurry uye kufambisa kutenderera kwe hydrophobic particles. Mafuro akajairwa anosanganisira mafuta epaini nemafuta ecresol, ayo anoumba mabhubhu akagadzika, akakura zvakanaka ekubatanidza chidimbu.
Modifiers activate or inhibit mineral surface properties uye gadzirisa kemikari kana electrochemical mamiriro e slurry.
Reagent dosage inoda kurongeka-isina kukwana mari inoderedza hydrophobicity, ichidzikisa mitengo yekudzoreredza, nepo yakawandisa marara reagents, inowedzera mitengo, uye kukanganisa kutarisisa kunaka. Zvishandiso zvine njere zvakadai seonline concentration mitainogona kuona kutonga kwakaringana kwema reagent dosages.
Iyo nguva uye nzira yekuwedzera reagent zvakare yakakosha. Vagadziri, vanodzvinyirira, uye vamwe vateresi vanowanzowedzerwa panguva yekukuya kugadzirira slurry's kemikari nharaunda kutanga. Vaunganidzi nemafuro vanowanzo wedzerwa mutangi rekutanga flotation kuti vawedzere kushanda kwavo panguva dzakaoma.
(3) Mwero weAeration
Mwero weaeration unogadzira mamiriro akakwana eiyo mineral-bubble yekunamatira, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha pakuyangarara. Kusakwana kwemhepo kunokonzeresa mabhuru mashoma, kuderedza kubonderana nemikana yekunamirana, zvichizokanganisa kuita kwekuyerera. Kuwedzeredza kwemhepo kunotungamira kumhirizhonga yakawandisa, zvichiita kuti mabhuru atyoke uye kuburitsa zvidimbu zvakabatanidzwa, zvichideredza kushanda zvakanaka.
Mainjiniya anoshandisa nzira dzakaita senge gasi kuunganidza kana anemometer-yakavakirwa kuyerera kwemhepo kuyerwa kukwenenzvera-tune aeration mitengo. Kune dzakakasharara zvimedu, kuwedzera aeration kugadzira mabhuru akakura kunonatsiridza kufambisa zvakanaka. Kune zvimedu zvakanaka kana kuti zvinoyangarara zviri nyore, gadziriso dzakangwarira dzinoita kuti flotation yakagadzikana uye inoshanda.
(4) Flotation Time
Flotation nguva chiyero chakapfava pakati pegiredhi yekusimbisa uye chiyero chekudzoreredza, ichida kurongeka chaiko. Mumatanho ekutanga, zvicherwa zvakakosha zvinonamira nekukurumidza kumabhubhu, zvichitungamira kune yakakwira kudzoreredza mitengo uye kutarisisa mamakisi.
Nekufamba kwenguva, sezvo mamwe mamineral akakosha anoyangarara, zvicherwa zve gangue zvinogonawo kusimuka, zvichinyungudutsa kuchena kwakasimba. Kune zvicherwa zviri nyore zvine zvicherwa zvakakora uye zvinoyangarara zviri nyore, nguva pfupi yekuyangarara inokwana, kuve nechokwadi chekudzoreredza mitengo yakakwira pasina kupira giredhi rekuisa pfungwa. Kune yakaoma kana refractory ores, nguva refu yekufambisa inodiwa kuti ubvumire maminerari akakwenenzverwa akakwana nguva yekudyidzana nemareagents nemabhuru. Kugadziriswa kweDynamic yenguva yeflotation chiratidzo cheiyo chaiyo uye inobudirira tekinoroji yekufambisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-22-2025
